Commanders of units with extensive extreme cold-weather training and specialized equipment may opt to use less conservative guidelines. (6) Muscle cramps especially in the legs. 2. Survival in Cold-Weather Areas FM 31-70 Basic Cold Weather Manual FM 21-10 Field Hygiene and Sanitation FM 21-11 First Aid for Soldiers TB MED 81 Cold Injury FD Pam 40-5 Win in the Heat and Cold: Climatic Injury Prevention Guide See all APHC cold weather related information, slide deck, and other training tools at: ... General information on Army Injuries, Injury Causes and Risk Factors, and Prevention. (2) Swallowing is difficult. trained in recognition and treatment of heat illness and cold injury. Hypothermia, the most serious cold weather injury, occurs when body temperature drops below 95 degrees F. It can occur suddenly, including during partial or total immersion in cold water, or over hours or days, such as during extended operations or survival situations. –8,000 cold weather casualties the first winter. •TB MED 508 Prevention and Management of Cold Weather Injuries •TC 21-3 Soldier’s Handbook for Individual Operations and Survival in Cold-Weather Areas •FM 21-10 Field Hygiene and Sanitation •FM 4-25.11 First Aid •US Army Public Health Command Cold Weather Injury Prevention webpage – Cold weather injuries result from prolonged exposure to cold weather. –US Army lost 91,000 troops in World War II. Publish tasking orders annually reinforcing the requirement to conduct heat illness and cold injury prevention and treatment training (see paras 1-3b(2), 1-3d(7), and 1-3e(1) and (2) below. (7) Focusing eyes may be difficult. If the signs and symptoms are as follows, go to step 2f. 3 DEVELOP CONTROLS and MAKE RISK DECISION Deputy Chief of Staff, G-3/5/7. camouflage obscures detection of cold injuries. Dehydration (cold weather). (3) Nausea and dizziness. Results of Cold Weather Injuries –Napoleon and Hitler both lost Russia to Cold Weather Injuries. The loss of body heat increases as wind speed increases. Continued exposure in a cold environment degrades physical performance capabilities, significantly impacts morale, and eventually causes cold weather injuries. (1) Mouth, tongue, and throat are parched and dry. Body heat is lost by reducing the thin layer of warm air next to the skin, which causes cold weather injuries. Cold Weather Injuries. These guidelines are generalized for worldwide use. (4) Fainting. (5) Tired and weak. The wind is a big factor in cold weather injuries. and Injuries Chart Cold-Weather Casualties Chilblain Cause • Continuous or repeated exposure of skin to cold/wet weather conditions at temperatures below 50 °F for more than 1-5 hours Symptoms • Swollen, red skin (or darkening of the skin in dark-skinned soldiers) with rash-like appearance • Tender, painful skin. • Previous cold injuries or other significant injuries • Use of tobacco/nicotine or alcohol • Skipping meals/poor nutrition • Low activity • Fatigue/sleep deprivation • Little experience/training in cold weather • Cold casualties in the previous 2-3 days • Overly Motivated Soldiers – Cold (temperature 40º F and below) a. The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) has expanded and clarified its internal guidance for evaluations of veteran cold injury, and most of all, these changes include an update to the chronic effects of exposure to 20 conditions. Cold injury prevention is a command responsibility. Sick or injured individuals will have lowered defense mechanisms and might also be slower to recognize cold injury symptoms due to existing injuries The typical cold weather injury casualty is a male approximately 20 years old at the rank of E-4 or below. –Decreased to 1,000 the second winter with preventative measures. Army Injury Prevention Factsheets and Training Products. cold injuries Soldiers participating in military training or deployments will often encounter cold stress that can impact successful mission accomplishment. Perform first aid for the cold injury. Follows, go to step 2f to the skin, which causes cold weather injuries result from exposure. From prolonged exposure to cold weather injuries result from prolonged exposure to cold injuries... Military training or deployments will often encounter cold stress that can impact successful mission accomplishment, significantly morale... 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